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Subscriber Authentication

Overview

Subscriber authentication in 5G networks can be based on one of the following mechanisms:

  • 5G-AKA
  • EAP-AKA

These protocol ensure secure and mutual authentication between the subscriber's device and the network, establishing a secure channel for communication.

The subscriber's Universal Subscriber Identity Module (USIM) stores critical information required for authentication, including:

  • IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity): A globally unique identifier for the subscriber, typically represented as a string of decimal digits.
  • Key (Subscriber's Secret Key): A cryptographic key shared between the USIM and the Private Network for authentication and encryption.
  • OPc (Operator Code): A derived value computed as OPc = AES-128(Key, OP), resulting in user specific operator code.
  • SQN (Sequence Number): A counter maintained by both the USIM and the network to prevent replay attacks.

Subscriber Authentication in Ella Core

Ella Core implements both the 5G-AKA and EAP-AKA mechanisms as part of its subscriber authentication process.

Users can update the Operator Key (OP) via the Operator API or the UI.

When creating a new subscriber via the Subscribers API or the UI, Ella Core automatically computes the OPc using the provided Key (subscriber key) and the current OP value.

The UI provides a user-friendly interface for automatically generating IMSI's, Key's, and SQN's for new subscribers.